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The authors, led by Dapschauskas and including @sommer "try to answer the question of when and where habitual ochre use emerged and what significance this had for the development of ritual behavior during the Middle Stone Age" with a meta-analysis of 100 African sites.

They directly address the model developed by myself #CamillaPower with #ChrisKnight and world-leading pigment specialist #IanWatts -- the #FemaleCosmeticCoalitions (FCC) hypothesis. We made predictions three decades ago. How do they hold up?
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Female_cosmetic_coalitions

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Image: map of Africa showing over 100 Middle Stone Age sites, some with lithics, some ochre, some both, stretching the length of the continent south, east and north.